Home Made Electromagnet

Making an electromagnet at home is fun and easy. Most magnets, like the ones on many refrigerators, cannot be turned off; they are called permanent magnets. This one can be and is therefor called an electromagnet. They run on electricity and are only magnetic when the electricity is flowing. The electricity flowing through the wire arranges the molecules in the nail so that they are attracted to certain metals.
You will need:
A large iron nail (about 3 inches)
About 3 feet of THIN COATED copper wire
A fresh D size battery
Some paper clips
What to do:
1. Leave about 8 inches of wire loose at one end and wrap most of the rest of the wire around the nail. Try not to overlap the wires.
2. Cut the wire (if needed) so that there is about another 8 inches loose at the other end.
3. Now remove about an inch of the plastic coating from both ends of the wire and attach the one wire to one end of a battery and the other wire to the other end of the battery. (It is best to tape the wires to the battery – be careful though, the wire could get very hot!) Now you can experiment by picking up paper clips and small non-aluminum objects

Hovercraft From Cd

• An old CD or DVD disc
• A 9” balloon
• A pop-top cap from a liquid soap bottle or a water bottle
• A hot glue gu

1. If you are using the cap from a water bottle, cover the center hole of the CD with a piece of tape and poke about 6 holes in the tape with a push-pin or small nail. This will slow down the flow of air and allow your hovercraft to hover longer.
2. Use the hot glue gun to glue the cap to the center of the CD or DVD disc. Create a good seal to keep air from escaping.
3. Blow up the balloon all the way and pinch the neck of it. (Don’t tie it.)
4. Make sure the pop-top is closed and fit the neck of the balloon over the pop-up portion of the cap. (This is usually easier with 2 people)
5. That’s it! When your ready to commence hovering, simply put the craft on a smooth surface and pop the top open.

HAPPY HOVERING!

The air flow created by the balloon causes a cushion of moving air between the disc and the surface. This lifts the CD and reduces the friction which allows the disc to hover freely. Large scale hovercraft are capable of traveling over land, snow and water.

Fog Tornado

• A copier paper box
• A small 12 volt computer fan from a computer or electronics store. It should be at least 3x3 inches (8cm X 8cm).
• A piece of clear plastic 10 X 17 inches (25cm X43cm) If your really in a hurry, you can test your fog tornado with clear plastic food wrap.
• A small plastic food container
• Dry ice (or other source of fog - see below)
• Black paint
• 9-volt battery (if your fan doesn't plug in)
• Optional (but cool) battery-powered tap light
• Adult help

Parts of the cardboard will need to be cut out using an exact-o blade.This part is definitely for an adult - kids hurt themselves every year trying to cut foam core and cardboard - don't let that be you - know when to ask for help.

1. Follow the diagrams below, cutting away the areas marked in gray. IMPORTANT: Pay special attention to the placement of the slots. In order for the tornado to work, the slots will need to be in the correct place.
   • The opening at the top should be just a bit smaller than your fan.
   • The opening at the bottom should be bigger than the plastic food container.

   
   

   

   

 

2. Paint the inside of the box with flat black poster paint and allow it to dry.
3. Tape (or hot glue) the clear piece of plastic into the large window on the front. Be sure to keep the nearby slot open so air can flow through it.
4. Attach the tap-light to the inside of the top of the tornado box near the fan opening.
5. That’s it! Your Tornado Chamber is ready.

A note about the fog. I have found 3 decent sources of fog:

• DRY ICE - Dry ice makes the best looking tornado, in my opinion, which is why I give the directions for it here. Dry ice should only be handled by adults. It can cause instant frostbite. Never handle dry ice without thick gloves and always wear safety goggles. Only someone familiar with dry ice and its dangers should handle it.
• HUMIDIFIER - Many small humidifiers create a continuous source of mist that works well for the tornado chamber. You will need to find a way to mount the tornado chamber above your humidifier.
• FOUNTAIN MISTERS - A fountain mister uses ultrasonic vibrations to create a light mist. They can often be found in stores that sell small fountains and in some pet shops.

FOG TORNADO TIME!

1. Turn on the battery powered light if you have one, and power up the fan. (red wire goes on the skinnier lead of the 9 volt battery) and place it on the top of the chamber with the breeze blowing up.
2. Place some small chunks of dry ice into your food container and add some warm water to create fog.
3. Put your tornado chamber over the container and watch the wonders of vortex currents at work!

As the fan forces air out of the chamber, air from outside the box is forced in through the slots on the sides. The position of the slots causes the incoming air to create a VORTEX (spiral) of air as it is drawn up and out of the box. Real tornados form in a similar way using updrafts and wind-shear (wind from different directions at different altitudes)

The Alka-Seltzers Experiment

The objective: The purpose of this experiment was to find out whether there was an optimum amount of Alka-Seltzer to water that would pop the lid of the film canister that they were contained in. My hypothesis on this was that 1/2 of an Alka-Seltzer and 1/3 of a canister of water would propel the cap the most distance horizontally.

Methods/Materials

My materials for this were: Alka-Seltzers (containing the active ingredient, sodium bicarbonate), water (with hydrogen and oxygen), a film canister with tight-fitting lid, tape measure, yard stick, timer, and science notebook.

I observed the explosive reaction between the sodium bicarbonate and water by: setting-up a third of a film canister with water and adding Alka-Seltzer, going through that process with four different amounts of Alka-Seltzer (1 whole, 3/4, 1/2, 1/4 tablet) three times each for a total of twelve rounds.

I got the average distance from each amount of Alka-Seltzer and recorded my results.

Following that, I repeated the set-up for each amount one time to measure the time it took for the cap to pop off. I recorded these results and graphed them.

Results

From measuring the distances, I observed that the set-up with 1 whole Alka-Seltzer sent the cap the farthest, but not by much.

From measuring the times and graphing my results, I observed that the time it took for the cap to pop off was strongly correlated to the different amounts of Alka-Seltzer in the set-up, with the largest amount (1 whole tablet) taking the least time.

Conclusions/Discussion

The active ingredients in my experiment were the sodium bicarbonate in the Alka-Seltzer and the oxygen in the water.

The sodium bonds with the oxygen to create the hydrogen gas which then forces the canister lid off. The second round of experimentation was to find how fast the chemical reaction would create the necessary pressure from the different amounts of Alka-Seltzer.

As I decreased the amount of Alka-Seltzer by 1/4 tablet increments, the time increased by approximately 8 second increments. If I did this again, I would repeat the process for each amount three times and calculate an average for each to minimize the effect of errors in my set-ups.

This project was about observing the physical results from the chemical reaction of sodium bicarbonate (Alka-Seltzers) and oxygen (in water) creating hydrogen gas in a confined space (a film canister).

Electricity from Fruits

The objective: The objective of this investigation was to discover if a cell phone battery could be charged on the energy produced by fruit for an hour.

Methods/Materials

The fruits were all cut into smaller pieces (except the mandarins - they were too small) the apples were cut into fourths, and the limes, lemons, and bananas were cut into halves. The investigator measured the amps and volts in each piece of fruit by inserting a zinc nail and a copper nail into it and attaching the alligator clips of the galvanometer to them, recording the number of milliamps, converting them to amps, and repeating with the voltmeter. This was done to every piece of fruit.

Results

The results of the collected data and calculations showed that to charge a cell phone battery for an hour on fruit, twelve apples, eighteen lemons, twenty-three limes, thirty-six bananas, or 475 mandarins would be needed to accomplish the task. The investigator succeeded in reaching the goal of discovering if a cell phone battery could be charged on the energy produced by fruit for an hour.

Conclusions/Discussion

The investigators hypothesis was correct and the objective was attained. With this knowledge, cell phone batteries can be charged using fruit, which is potentially less expensive than using a wall socket.

The project centers on the ability of fruit to charge a cell phone battery for an hour.

Tea Bag Rocket

Have you ever made a rocket at home?

This is the easiest way.
You need-
1.A teabag
2.A scissors 
3.lighter

Step 1
Cut the tea bag just below its staple.

Step 2.
Place the tea bag on the floor vertically

Step 3.
Light it from its top and Enjoy

Here is a video tutorial by crazy russian hacker-

FERROFLUID

 A ferrofluid (portmanteau of ferromagnetic and fluid) is a liquid that becomes strongly magnetized in the presence of a magnetic field. Ferrofluid was invented in 1963 by NASA's Steve Papell as a liquid rocket fuel that could be drawn toward a pump inlet in a weightless environment by applying a magnetic field. ^[1]

Ferrofluids are colloidal liquids made of nanoscale ferromagnetic, or ferrimagnetic, particles suspended in a carrier fluid (usually an organic solvent or water). Each tiny particle is thoroughly coated with a surfactant to inhibit clumping. Large ferromagnetic particles can be ripped out of the homogeneous colloidal mixture, forming a separate clump of magnetic dust when exposed to strong magnetic fields. The magnetic attraction of nanoparticles is weak enough that the surfactant's Van der Waals force is sufficient to prevent magnetic clumping or agglomeration. Ferrofluids usually do not retain magnetization in the absence of an externally applied field and thus are often classified as "superparamagnets" rather than ferromagnets
                                        OR IN A LAYMAN'S LANGUAGE
It is a fluid which is attracted by strong rare earth magnets or NEODYMIUM magnets.
 
 Step 1.
To Make It
You need 

1. MICR Tone
2. Rare Earth Magnet
3. Vegetable Oil
4. A bowl

Step 2.
a) Put some MICR tone into a bowl
b)Pour vegetable oil in it
c)Stir it till it gets medium thick

Step 3.
Move the liquid with magnets and enjoy

 HERE IS THE VIDEO BY HouseholdHacker